Recent stock market losses have gotten a lot attention in the news recently. While there's no reliable correlation between stocks and interest rates, when stock losses are as big as they have been recently, it increases the tendency for rates to move in the same direction. That was definitely the case today. Bonds (which dictate rates) improved overnight as stocks sank further. But as early as 7am, a reversal began to take shape. The catalyst was a comment from NY Fed Pres Williams who said he sees a good case for a rate cut at the upcoming December meeting. On one hand, improved rate cut odds are typically good for longer term interest rates. That was apparent in the immediate moments following the the comment. But in many cases, such comments are also good for stocks. On occasions where stocks aren't in the throes of a big sell-off, the net effect is often a divergence between stocks and rates (i.e. stocks move higher on Fed rate cut enthusiasm and bonds move lower for the same reason). In this week's case, because a decent amount of downward pressure on rates is attributable to recent stock losses, the rebound in stocks quickly gave way to upward pressure in rates. Fortunately, the overnight gains were large enough to absorb that upward pressure. As such, mortgage rates managed to hold on to a modest improvement versus Thursday's latest levels. This keeps rates in the same narrow, sideways range that's been intact since the late October Fed meeting. [thirtyyearmortgagerates]
Existing-home sales posted another modest gain in October, rising 1.2% to a seasonally adjusted annual rate of 4.10 million , according to the National Association of Realtors (NAR). Sales are now 1.7% higher than a year ago as lower mortgage rates helped offset the drag from the government shutdown. Demand continues to run stronger than it did through most of 2023 and early 2024, even if the overall pace remains historically subdued. “Home sales increased in October even with the government shutdown due to homebuyers taking advantage of lower mortgage rates,” said NAR Chief Economist Lawrence Yun. He highlighted regional differences for first-time buyers: limited supply in the Northeast and high prices in the West kept activity in check, while the Midwest and South benefited from better affordability and more available listings. Yun added that decelerating rents should continue easing inflation and encouraging further Fed rate cuts, which would support additional housing demand. Regional Breakdown (Sales and Prices, October 2025)
Region
Sales (annual rate)
MoM Change
Median Price
YoY Change
Northeast
490k
0.0%
$503,700
+6.5%
Midwest
990k
+5.3%
$319,500
+4.6%
South
1.86m
+0.5%
$362,300
+0.3%
West
760k
-1.3%
$628,500
+0.1%
Mortgage applications moved lower last week as rates continued drifting higher for a third straight week. MBA’s Weekly Applications Survey for the week ending November 14 showed a 5.2% drop in total volume on a seasonally adjusted basis and a 7% decline unadjusted. The Refinance Index fell 7% from the previous week but is still running 125% above last year’s levels. Even with the pullback, refi activity remains firmly in recovery territory compared to the past two years. That said, the recent rate bump pushed the average refinance loan size to its lowest reading since August, underscoring just how sensitive the category remains to even small rate moves. Purchase activity was more stable, slipping 2% seasonally adjusted and 7% unadjusted. Despite the weekly decline, purchase volume is still 26% higher than the same week one year ago—another sign that buyer demand is meaningfully stronger than it was in late 2023 and early 2024. “Mortgage rates increased for the third consecutive week, with the 30-year fixed rate inching higher to its highest level in four weeks at 6.37 percent,” said Joel Kan, MBA’s Vice President and Deputy Chief Economist. “Application activity over the week was lower, with potential homebuyers moving to the sidelines again, although there was a small increase in FHA purchase applications. Refinance applications decreased as borrowers remain sensitive to even small increases in rates at this level.” The refinance share of applications dipped to 55.4%. ARM share fell to 7.5%, while FHA, VA, and USDA shares all moved slightly higher.
Builder confidence levels are still kicking the same sad little can down the road, just with slightly more enthusiasm. The November National Association of Home Builders (NAHB)/Wells Fargo Housing Market Index (HMI) inched up to 38 from 37 in October, marking the 19th straight month below the 50 line that separates expansion from contraction. Looking at the underlying components, we find the same deck of cards shuffled in a slightly different order. The component for current sales conditions improved two points to 41 and the buyer traffic index ticked up one point to 26—still firmly in “low to very low” territory. The index tracking sales expectations over the next 6 months actually fell three points to 51, which is still modestly positive but not exactly a vote of confidence in a near-term boom. Affordability remains the main villain. Even after pulling back from peak levels, mortgage rates are high enough that a lot of would-be buyers are still on the sidelines. Any sustained move toward lower rates would help unstick that buyer traffic index, but for now, builders are operating in a world where financing costs are still a big constraint. [thirtyyearmortgagerates] Pricing pressure was especially evident in this particular installment. NAHB reports that 41% of builders cut home prices in November, the first time this metric has broken above 40% in the post-Covid era. The average reduction was 6%, and 65% of builders used sales incentives, matching the elevated levels seen in September and October. In other words, builders are still doing a lot of financial gymnastics just to get deals across the finish line.
“Six cows were smoking joints and playing poker. That's right: The steaks were pretty high.” The steaks, uh, stakes, are high when changes to our housing finance system occur, or actions are taken that are negatively impact borrowers or reputations. In a typical organization, the CEO reports to the board of directors. The FHFA oversees Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae, and with FHFA Director Bill Pulte, he pretty much appointed the boards of Freddie and Fannie but they are ultimately responsible for his actions and statements. So is President Trump who nominated him to his post. The Department of Justice and the FBI are probing Bill Pulte and another administration official over investigations of president's adversaries, and Bloomberg published a story saying that Pulte is now a liability to the President. This puts the Pulte/Trump relationship in a tenuous position, and unless it is reconciled, it isn’t hard to predict who is going to stay in office and who isn’t. By the way, for anyone who doesn’t think that the Administration’s 50-year mortgage proposal is dead on arrival, here you go. (Today’s podcast can be found here and this week’s are sponsored by Figure. Figure is shaking up the lending world with their five-day HELOC, offering borrower approvals in as little as five minutes and funding in five days. And, embedding their technology is easy. Hear an interview with TD Bank’s Jon Giles on how today’s rate environment is reshaping housing supply, why rising renovation trends and growing HELOC demand are turning home equity into a powerful financial tool, and how lenders can responsibly meet homeowners’ increasing appetite for equity access.)
Watching Rates
Check our some recent articles and posts about current rates.
Recent stock market losses have gotten a lot attention in the news recently. While there's no reliable correlation between stocks and interest rates, when stock losses are as big as they have been recently, it increases the tendency for rates to move in the same direction. That was definitely the case today. Bonds (which dictate rates) improved overnight as stocks sank further. But as early as 7am, a reversal began to take shape. The catalyst was a comment from NY Fed Pres Williams who said he sees a good case for a rate cut at the upcoming December meeting. On one hand, improved rate cut odds are typically good for longer term interest rates. That was apparent in the immediate moments following the the comment. But in many cases, such comments are also good for stocks. On occasions where stocks aren't in the throes of a big sell-off, the net effect is often a divergence between stocks and rates (i.e. stocks move higher on Fed rate cut enthusiasm and bonds move lower for the same reason). In this week's case, because a decent amount of downward pressure on rates is attributable to recent stock losses, the rebound in stocks quickly gave way to upward pressure in rates. Fortunately, the overnight gains were large enough to absorb that upward pressure. As such, mortgage rates managed to hold on to a modest improvement versus Thursday's latest levels. This keeps rates in the same narrow, sideways range that's been intact since the late October Fed meeting. [thirtyyearmortgagerates]
Yesterday, we discussed the fact that mortgage rates were heading into Thursday with a disadvantage (for most lenders, anyway). This had to do with the fact that lenders prefer to avoid changing rates in the middle of the day (unless bond market movement is big enough to force their hands) and the fact that bonds had weakened just enough for lenders to begin considering changing rates by the end of the day. In other words, lenders either had to increase rates yesterday afternoon or this morning, all other things being equal. The only thing that would have mitigated that necessity would have been a bond market rally of equal size to yesterday's losses. Fortunately, that's exactly what we saw after this morning's jobs report. The following chart shows movement in the actual bonds that control mortgage rates. Bottom line: today's rates were the same as yesterday's because the red boxes were at similar levels.
It was a complicated day for mortgage rates. Officially, at the time of this article, the average top tier 30yr fixed rate is a hair lower than it was yesterday. But rates are based on bonds and bonds are telling a different story. In the wake of the release of the minutes from the most recent Fed meeting, bonds lost ground. This implies higher rates. The only reason it hasn't resulted in higher rates today is timing. Specifically, the bond market losses just happened and most lenders have not yet made any adjustments. The implication is that tomorrow morning's rates would be higher than they are today assuming bonds don't change between now and then. An additional layer of complication is that we'll receive the September jobs report at 8:30am ET tomorrow. Because most mortgage lenders publish their rates between 9:30and 10:30am ET, this means there will be another source of probably volatility to digest before rates come out. Bottom line: if tomorrow morning's jobs data is much stronger than expected, rates would be quite a bit higher. But if the jobs report is weaker, it could offset the bond market losses seen this afternoon, thus keeping rates relatively unchanged.
With economic data being the most consistent source of motivation for rates, the market has been eager for it to return with the reopening of the government. While some higher profile reports have been rescheduled for the coming days (i.e. on Thursday, we'll get the jobs report that we were supposed to get in early October), most updated release dates remain TBD. Then there are the "surprise" releases--reports that completely skipped the step of being officially rescheduled and were simply released at a random moment with no warning. Such was the case with Jobless Claims data this morning. Not to be confused with "the jobs report," weekly jobless claims numbers are inferior in terms of their ability to set the tone for interest rates. To be fair, they CAN have a moderate impact at times, but their ability to do so is nowhere close to that of the monthly jobs report. Case in point, today's belated jobless claims data had no impact. Nonetheless, the reemergence of government econ data is an important proof of concept when it comes to getting an accurate sense of where rates should be heading. While not technically econ data and not affected by the shutdown, Wednesday brings a scheduled event that can be just as relevant as many government reports. At 2pm ET, the Fed will release the minutes of its meeting from late October. This isn't a rate cut opportunity, but it could shed additional light on the odds of a cut at the mid-December meeting.
